Optimization and energy efficiency improvement of the negative-pressure dust removal system in fully mechanized excavation roadways of coal mines

To solve the problems of low dust removal efficiency, high energy consumption, and inconvenient maintenance of the negative-pressure dust removal system in fully mechanized excavation roadways of coal mines, a systematic optimization design of the dust removal system at a mine's fully mechanized excavation face was carried out. By adopting the "double fan forward movement" scheme to adjust the position of the dust removal fan, designing a segmented air duct layout scheme to modify the temporary air barrier, upgrading key equipment such as PTFE membrane filter bags and annular porous dust suction inlets, and developing an energy efficiency monitoring platform based on S7-1200 PLC to realize intelligent system control. The industrial test results show that: the total system resistance decreased from 3200 Pa to 2450 Pa, and the dust concentration at the cutting position decreased from 8.7 mg/m³ to 4.2 mg/m³; the average power of the main fan decreased from 160 kW to 125 kW, and the dust cleaning cycle was extended from 24 hours to 72 hours; the routine maintenance time was reduced from 12 hours per week to 4 hours per week. The optimized dust removal system significantly improves dust removal efficiency while reducing system energy consumption.