Abstract: In order to address the engineering challenges encountered when deep mine roadways cross large faults, such as fractured surrounding rock structure, poor self-stability, and difficult support under the superimposed effects of high in-situ stress and excavation disturbance, a study was conducted with a mine in Anhui Province as the background. Methods including borehole panoramic imaging, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and mine pressure monitoring were adopted to investigate the structural characteristics of the surrounding rock and the tectonic stress environment in the fault zone, and to evaluate the support control effect of short-distance advance rock bolts. The results show that shallow roof fractures in the fault zone are developed in an intersecting network pattern and the rock mass strength is low, while abundant tectonic fractures and bedding planes exist in the deeper section. The stress regime in this area is of the normal faulting type, with the vertical stress being the maximum principal stress, and the difference between the two horizontal principal stresses is approximately half of the vertical stress magnitude. Short-distance advance rock bolt support can effectively reduce the maximum roof displacement in the fault zone, but its control effect is mainly limited to the overlapping coverage area of the bolts. The surrounding rock deformation enters a convergence stage after about 60 days, and the maximum convergence ratio does not exceed 5%. Short-distance advance rock bolts can effectively ensure the early stability of the surrounding rock after roadway excavation, providing a reference for safe excavation of similar deep mine roadways in fault fracture zones.