黄陵矿区煤层覆岩导水裂隙带发育高度影响因素初步分析

Influencing factors for development height of water-conducting fractured zone in Huangling mining area

  • 摘要:
    目的 为查明黄陵矿区2号煤层采动覆岩导水裂隙带发育高度差异,以四个典型矿井为对象,分析采高、埋深及工作面斜长对裂采比的影响。
    方法 采用地面勘探孔实测法与井下仰孔分段注水法获取导水裂隙带实测数据,并与《建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规范》经验公式计算值进行对比,进一步通过单因素归一化分析评估各参数对裂采比的影响。
    结果 所有实测导高均显著大于规范公式计算值。单因素归一化分析表明,采高归一化值与裂采比负相关变化趋势,斜长相近的工作面裂采比相差悬殊,埋深与裂采比也不存在单调的相关性。
    结论 采高、工作面斜长和埋深与裂采比之间均无稳定的对应关系,无法单独解释裂采比的异常波动。后续研究需进一步分析覆岩岩性、地质构造等其他因素对裂采比的影响。研究成果可为黄陵矿区顶板水精准防控及类似条件矿区导水裂隙带预测提供科学依据。

     

    Abstract: To ascertain the differences in the development height of mining-induced overburden water-conducting fractured zones in the No. 2 coal seam of the Huangling mining area, four typical mines were taken as research objects to analyze the influence of mining height, burial depth, and inclined length of the working face on the ratio of water-conducting fractured zone height to mining height. Measured data of the water-conducting fractured zone were obtained using both the ground exploration borehole method and the underground upward borehole segmented water injection method, and were compared with calculated values from the empirical formula in the Regulations for Coal Pillar Retention and Coal Mining under Buildings, Water Bodies, Railways and Main Roadways. The influence of each parameter on the fractured zone-to-mining height ratio was evaluated through single-factor normalization analysis. All measured heights are significantly larger than the values calculated from the regulatory formula. The single-factor normalization analysis shows that the normalized value of mining height exhibits an inverse trend with the fractured zone-to-mining height ratio; working faces with similar inclined lengths display markedly different ratios; and there is no monotonic correlation between burial depth and the ratio. No stable corresponding relationship exists between mining height, inclined length of the working face, burial depth, and the fractured zone-to-mining height ratio, and none of these factors alone can explain the anomalous fluctuations of the ratio. It is suggested that subsequent studies further analyze the influence of other factors such as overburden lithology and geological structure on the ratio. This study provides a scientific basis for the precise prevention and control of roof water in the Huangling mining area and for the prediction of water-conducting fractured zones in mining areas with similar conditions.

     

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