Abstract: To address the issues of nozzle clogging and poor spray performance in spray dust suppression devices in underground mining operation areas, we propose a novel automatic cleaning spray dust suppression device.By modifying the nozzle type, adjusting cleaning parameters, and implementing dust source tracking, the device aims to achieve automatic nozzle cleaning and expand the dust suppression coverage.Through numerical simulation of the spray process, the dust source tracking method is revealed.The results indicate that when the spray pressure reaches 6 MPa, the diffusion of dust in high mining height working faces can be effectively controlled.Regarding the field application of the device, practical tests demonstrate that the improved spray dust suppression device achieves a total dust removal efficiency of up to 88.14%, with an average respirable dust removal efficiency of 86.30%.