Abstract: In order to solve the problems of large deformation and difficult support of the surrounding rock of the roadway roof in a coal mine of Shanxi, the evolution law of the plastic zone of the roadway surrounding rock was obtained through drilling observation, numerical simulation, and industrial practice, and support measures were proposed.The results show that as time goes by, the early failure mode of the plastic zone evolution of the surrounding rock of the roadway shows an “inverted U-shape”, and the later failure mode ultimately shows an “H-shape”, and the depth of the plastic zone failure of the surrounding rock at the roof and shoulder corners of the roadway reaches its maximum.It was proposed to use anchor rods+anchor cables and grouting to control the deformation of surrounding rock.Numerical simulations have verified that this method is effective.Through on-site practice, the maximum displacement of the roadway roof and floor reached 400 mm, the displacement of the two sides reached 275 mm, and the displacement of the surrounding rock on the coal pillar side reached 160 mm.The displacement of the roadway surrounding rock was relatively small, further demonstrating that on-site support measures can effectively control the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock.