Abstract: Monitoring and early warning of spontaneous combustion of abandoned coal in goaf is crucial to the safety production of coal mines.Based on the engineering background of 21081 fully mechanized caving face in Wangwa No.2 Mine, we adopt distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology to study the temperature distribution law of goaf during the advancing process of the working face, analyze the evolution characteristics of goaf temperature on a spatio-spatial scale, and provide guidance for the prevention and control of spontaneous combustion of coal on site according to the temperature monitoring results.The research results show that the goaf temperature presents a steady-rising-decreasing stage distribution with the advancing distance, and the peak temperature of the goaf inlet air side appears at the buried depth of 55～100 m, and the highest temperature is 37.8 ℃.The peak temperature of the return air side of the goaf appears in the area of the buried depth of 30～60 m, and the highest temperature is 34.4 ℃.The optical fiber temperature measurement tech-nology is used to guide the daily prevention and control of 210801 fully mechanized caving face, and the abnormal oxidation problem of residual coal in the goaf is successfully solved, and the maximum temperature in the goaf is reduced from 47 ℃ to 36 ℃.The research results provide theoretical basis and technical reference for monitoring and warning of spontaneous combustion of coal in goaf.