Abstract: This study explores the distribution characteristics of different particle sizes of dust under forced ventilation conditions in excavation working faces through CFD simulation, and the influence of changes in air supply speed on dust distribution.Research has found that the total airflow intensity decreases with increasing distance from the excavation face, and the airflow intensity on the return airflow side is higher than that on the inlet side.The distribution of dust is directly affected by the intensity of the airflow field, and the larger the particle size, the more difficult it is for the dust to reach the side of the air duct, especially for medium and fine particle dust with a higher content on the coal wall side.In addition, ultrafine particle dust can be suspended for a long time in the entire roadway, but slowly settles as the airflow gradually weakens.The results indicate that by optimizing the selection and location of dust removal equipment, combined with appropriate adjustment of air supply speed, mine dust can be effectively controlled, especially for the control of ultrafine particle dust.Suggestions for further research on the dust distribution in the main dust producing areas of the mine are proposed.